The United▁Nations Conference on▁Climate▁Change (COP31)▁opens▁its agenda on▁Monday,▁November▁9, in Antalia,▁Turkey. The▁event▁marks the▁continuation of an▁annual▁series of▁meetings that▁began in Berlin,▁Germany, in 1995. The▁COP30,▁held in Belém in Brazil in▁December 2025,▁ended▁without a▁concrete plan for the▁definitive▁transition of▁fossil▁fuels. ▁Since the▁beginning of the▁conferences, the Paris▁Agreement,▁sealed in 2015▁at▁COP21,▁stands▁out, with the▁commitment of▁countries to▁maintain global▁warming▁below 2oC▁until the▁end of the▁century and▁ideally▁limit it to 1.5oC.
▁Estimates from the United▁Nations▁indicate that this▁target of 1.5°C▁should be▁blown▁already in the▁coming▁years, as▁greenhouse▁gas▁emissions have▁increased▁rather▁than▁falling▁at the▁necessary▁speed. ▁According to the▁agency's▁projections,▁even with▁full▁compliance with▁current▁commitments, the▁planet▁will▁heat up▁between 2.3°C and 2.5°C by the▁end of the▁century. The▁scenario can▁worsen▁if the▁dependence on▁fossil▁fuels▁persists,▁generating▁devastating▁consequences for▁ecosystems.